4D BIM – designing of constructions

4D is the harmonious integration of a 3D model of the designed structure with the construction schedule (calendar plan) for its delivery.

A 4D model contains information on the timeline for the erection of each element of the facility. It also specifies all tools, machinery, and equipment involved in the works, which have a significant impact on the construction process.

When designing, factors taken into account include the site area and layout, crane locations and their effective coverage, the size and number of machines to be used, waste disposal procedures, and many other considerations. High-detail visualisation of the calendar schedule makes it possible to:

• Optimise all stages of the planned process before implementation begins

• Eliminate potential variables in advance

Capabilities of 4D Methodologies

4D modelling enables project teams to:

• See exactly when specific structural elements will be built

• Carry out preliminary calculations of financial costs

• Identify and resolve spatio-temporal clashes or conflicts between building elements

• Visually review the facility and virtually “walk through” it

Why It Is Crucial to Avoid Clashes

As mentioned when describing BIM technologies, only about 5% of the overall construction budget is spent on design. However, even the smallest error at the design stage can lead to severe and extremely costly consequences later.

The chart below shows the potential cost implications of detecting a clash too late. With traditional project development methods, logical, physical, or other conflicts typically emerge only during construction works — the stage when the cost of each error is at its highest.

Our Tools

• The coordination model of the building is developed using Autodesk Navisworks

• The construction schedule is prepared by our specialists in Microsoft Project